The aim of the present study was to clone, express and purify these GH5 enzymes for biochemical characterization to gain insight into their substrate targets and functional roles in the cluster.
The enzymes, together with truncated versions containing only one domain, were cloned, expressed and purified.
Lignocellulosisk biomasse blir sett på som en bærekraftig og miljøvennlig energikilde, men produksjonen av for eksempel biodrivstoff fra biomasse er ikke effektiv nok til å fullt ut kunne konkurrere med fossilt brennstoff på økonomiske vilkår, mest på grunn av lite effektive enzymer.
Det er derfor et stort behov for bedre enzymer i omgjøringen av biomasse til sukker og tilslutt biodrivstoff, og en bedre forståelse av hvordan dette foregår i naturen kan føre til forbedringer i denne teknologien.
Enzyme activity was analysed by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, high-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) and high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).
Additionally, the binding to cellulose by a putative carbohydrate-binding domain (CBM) domain from one of the cellulases was investigated, and crystallization trials were executed on an interesting, potentially mutated GH5 domain.Finally, metaproteomics was performed on a cow rumen sample in an attempt to reveal the presence of the enzymes in vivo.Characterization revealed cellulase activity on crystalline cellulose, filter paper, for almost all GH5 enzymes present in the cluster.Denne oppgaven ble basert på en metagenomisk studie av en switchgrass prøve fra kumage, hvor videre undersøkelser fant et antatt cellulolytisk genkluster, fra en Bacteroidetes fylotypes genom (AGa), med fire antatt cellulolytiske glykosid-hydrolase familie 5 (GH5) enzymer.Klusteret inneholdt både multi-domene enzymer og enzymer med et C-terminalt sekresjonssignal for Type IX sekresjonssystemet (T9SS).Lignocellulose er den mest forekommende biomassen på jorden og har et stort potensiale som kilde til bærekraftig produksjon av verdifulle produkter som kjemikalier og biodrivstoff.Dagens uttømming av fossile brennstoffreserver og forurensning fra bruken av disse viser behovet for en mer bærekraftig kilde til energi.The cluster enzyme characterization gives insight into the use of the Type IX secreted multi-domain cellulases.Further work on the gene cluster can provide more insight into the degradation mechanism, and expression of the cluster in a bacterium harbouring the Type IX secretion system could be pursued to improve the expression of the multi-domain cellulases that were difficult to express.Some of the enzymes gave inclusion bodies upon expression and had to be expressed with fusion tags.Further, the enzymes were characterized, through enzymatic assays, in terms of p H and temperature optima, temperature stabilities, substrate specificities, product profiles and cellodextrin cleaving patterns.
Comments Cellulase Thesis
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Isolation, Purification, Characterization of Cellulolytic Enzymes.
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